how much does kevin mimms from state farm make

her role is that of Jan, a Toyota salesperson and she's been playing it since 2012. If you ask someone now who Beck Bennett is, they will probably tell you that he is that guy on Saturday Night Live. According to his IMDb page, the actor has been working hard for the past 10 years, and in films like Miles Away, Emmanuel and Me, ism, and Jack Squared. The over-the-top commercial was an either you loved it or loathed it type thing but they certainly got your attention. Thanks for welcoming me into your life with open arms. In 2017, he got an uncredited role in the first season of the American action drama television series, S.W.A.T. He also played Dan Montgomery in episode 7, Rusty, of the Criminal Minds TV series, which aired on 5 February 2020. Commercials are something that most people tend to tune out. > Kevin Miles, popularly known as Kevin Mimms, has been consistent about acting ever since he was young. If the audience cant hear or understand you, then the commercial isnt going to be successful. How much did White Jake from State Farm make? He was a real State Farm employee who won the company casting call and effectively became the face of the brand. In 2020, State Farm decided to bring back the iconic character with a professional actor. The actor was born on 5 July 1990, making him 32 years old as of 2022. Wendy Kaufman, The Snapple Lady, started out as just a regular Snapple employee. For these roles, Marcarelli makes about $2.5 million a year, and he has accumulated a net worth as of 2021 of $10 million. Unfortunately, even after finding a room, his financial situation was anything but stable. They know how to carry their voices and make themselves sound sympathetic or excited. The actor who took over the role of Jake was going to become the new face of State Farm. It is said that he was earning as much as $300,000 per year for those commercials. Given the popularity of Kevins character, and the massive dollars spent by State Farm on advertising, he could be getting a pretty big check. Kevins passion for acting comes from his childhood love for actors in TV shows and background in fine arts. Iheme has developed a great acting career by playing comedic roles in movies. Kevin had previously auditioned for the role but was not picked from the start by Rand Herbert, State Farm's C.M.O. Growing up, he was interested in movies and TV shows and admired the actors. "From workouts that make us feel nauseous, to life talks & poop talks, I'm having a blast with you in my life fam. His ability to meekly reply to what he was wearing was a hit for the company and viewers. However, for some commercial actors, being able to switch between different companies every few years can be a lucrative career. If you would like to change your settings or withdraw consent at any time, the link to do so is in our privacy policy accessible from our home page.. As of 2021, Haysbert has a net worth of about $20 million. Born in 1934, Wilford Brimley grew up on a ranch and dropped out of school at the age of 14, but that didn't stop him from becoming a huge success. Kevin Mimms's net worth is estimated at around $1.2 million as of 2022. There are speculations that he earns about $1 million per year as Jake from State Farm actor. Marketing tactics and its results dont lie. His place of birth is Chicago, Illinois making him an American citizen. His 2021 commercial for the company at the Super Bowl break has hit 15 million views on YouTube. This means that they needed an actor who had knowledge of those platforms and how to perform on those platforms. However, there is no mention of any siblings on any social media platforms. So, if you've ever asked yourself, "is Kevin Mimms and Kevin Miles the same person?" He's also an influencer on social media and has a net worth of $2 million. Many marketing strategists want their ads to feel real to their audiences. Courtney is best known for her character Flo. In the early 1990s, he was a commercial actor for Push Pops. Like, really young. Your support matters! But it's also difficult not to notice that many viewers who had become enamored with the original Jake just aren't feeling his new replacement. "You inspire me," he wrote on his page on the occasion of the actress's 21st birthday. His net worth is estimated to be about $1.2 million as of 2021. Be the first to get hottest news from our Editor-in-Chief, Check your email and confirm your subscription. Its unknown what their salaries are per episode, but the pair has definitely made a ton of money from this gig. Winters even died for two and a half minutes on the way to the hospital after passing out because of a bacterial infection about a year before his first Mayhem commercial aired. How much does Kevin Mimms from State Farm make? He was second to Kelly Clarkson, who was the original winner in the show's first season. The use of celebrities in ads can build better brand awareness and trust. Education & Qualifications. Hes also pretty active on social media, particularly Instagram, where he makes throwbacks to State Farm now and then. I do like the new Jake but I really enjoyed the nerdiest of the original Jake . As a child, Kevin Mimms (Miles) always had a passion for acting. An untrained individual likely wouldnt have the know-how or the availability for the type of content that State Farm needs to produce. Kevin's first major acting role came in 2010 when he was cast to play Kevin in Innocent. Kevin Mimms replaced the original Jake in 2020. Herbert's wife thought Kevin would be a good fit, but Rand went ahead and picked Jake Stone. However, he did not stop at that since he wanted more for his future acting career. Its through his acting and influencer career that hes been able to generate a net worth of $2 million. How much does Jake from State Farm make? Kevin Miles was a famous social media influencer and an actor who was from America. (2023 Updated), Does DoorDash Pay For Gas? The Jake From State Farm ad campaign was one of those. In the commercial, Ferguson acts as the appliances themselves, holding food as if he were a refrigerator or handling clothes like a washing machine. Kevin has been in countless commercials for brands other than State Farm, like Coors Light, Panera Bread, Henry's Hard Sparkling Water, T-Mobile, Hyundai, McDonald's, eBay, Taco Bell, and Bose. At the time, both were dating other people, but as fate would have it, they ended up together. He became famous after he replaced Jake Stone, the original Jake from State Farm actor, in 2019. This duo is well-known for starring in the Sonic commercials where they just sit in their car and chat about whats new at Sonic. He was later admitted to Webster University and, while here, began his career in the arts industry. Whether you know him as Kevin Mimms or by his real name Kevin Miles, what is important is that you know his story. Who is Seth Abramson? Mimmss history as a social media influencer likely also helped him earn the role. He watches lots of action films and writes entertainment and technology articles. Diane Amos is the Pine-Sol Lady and after 30 years, we can safely say that nobody does it better. (Photo by Arturo Holmes/Getty Images) The Flex Seal sales pitchman featured in the direct-response ads has a similar net worth to what Billy Mays had at $10 million, even despite doing fewer commercials and advertising for fewer products. As a young boy, he loved sports and says he was proudly raised during the Michael Jordan era. However, even before then, he already got a role in a film. His singing talents are all too real, however, as Justin was a contestant on American Idol. Reportedly, she is earning an estimated $1 million annually. Mimms has earned between $10,000 and $15,000 for his ads. He is a talented American actor, singer, songwriter and musician. Alot Living His real name is Kevin Miles and even though details about his family are not readily available, as of 2020 his parents were still alive. Besides acting, deejaying, and singing, Kevin has also worked with various modelling agencies. Big Dreams social media page, and this is likely why he is where he is today. You can learn more about Kevin by following him on Instagram, where we happened to find out that he is good friends with The Act's Joey King. William Butterworth is a professional writer of both compelling content copy and fiction. Since then, hes kept at his passion seeking acting opportunities. The new Jake from State Farm's name isn't actually Jake anymore. (10 Reasons), Does Starbucks Take Apple Pay? Theyre also aware that creating an ad is a business. Although Jake Stone no longer works at State Farm, the company will likely always have a special place in his heart. In an interview with Chicago Tribune, he revealed that he is from the South Side area, and Hyde Park was his favourite haunt growing up. THE COLD WIRE IS A REGISTERED TRADEMARK OF COLD WIRE MEDIA. One notable thing about the film is its IMDb summary which says about it: Told in real-time, Helix is Americas first action crime drama ever to be shoot in one continuous take without any edits.. Your email address will not be published. So, at this time, we do not know who Mimms lover is. BREAKING: Tsunami in Rivers state as winner emerges in presidential election, "My baby must be fine": Beautiful little girl with dark long hair goes viral on TikTok, video trends, 2023 elections: List of states where polls may be cancelled, repeated, why, "Just licking the flavour": Concerned dad shouts after catching his little daughter on sofa with a puppy, "I love her": Petite lady in tight clothes causes stir at party with her sweet waist dance, everyone stopped, Osita Iheme biography: age, height, wife, kids, house, cars, movies. Both presumably met at Webster University, where Gaither was also a student pursuing a degree in Costume Design. Mimms is likely best known for his role as Jake in the State Farm ads. We know that Dos Equis is probably still doing well, especially when compared to fellow Mexican beer company Corona, given all that is going on with COVID-19, a.k.a., the coronavirus. You may also like to read our recent articleTom Vitale facts Valerie Bertinelli husband, children, net worth, violence and more. Learn about his net worth and other information about him here. In the words of Tolkien, all those who wander may not be lost, but William certainly is. State Farm Commercial Made Him Popular 2. Thats right, Flo from Progressive. Kevin Mimms is a popular American actor, model, and social media influencer. Ring any bells? How much is Kevin Mimms paid? Wendy's is pretty huge on social media and Morgan Smith-Goodwin has been there to help. While Kevin Mimms' state farm role is arguably his most prominent, he has also appeared in numerous other adverts over the years. His official names are Kevin Miles, and he picked on Mimms as a nickname from when he was in college. Kevin Mimms is an American actor who is best known for his role as Jake from State Farm. In 2017, he made an appearance on the first season of American action-drama T.V. State Farm likes to partner with celebrities for its ads. Before all that, she was an actress in small-time TV shows. Let us take a peek at his impressive career trajectory so far. His talent was pretty impressive, such that he was chosen to open for Girl Talk in a school event. He was born on July 5, 1990, and grew up in the city. The problem with becoming a commercial actor is that you cant star in too many of them. However, now and then, theres a commercial or a series of commercials that are written in such a way that viewers cant help but notice and enjoy them. The commercials ran in the mid-'80s and Peller was doing them when she was 83 years old. Then, he earned a Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA) degree from Webster University. Life was not a bed of roses for Kevin Mimms in LA since he struggled with landing acting jobs and being broke. Youre probably curious to know who Kevin Mimms wife is or if he is in a relationship since he has his life figured out. Percy Gibson: Net worth, nationality, career, wedding, family. Jake Stone, the original star of the commercial was a real State Farm employee who began appearing in the popular commercial in 2011 until 2019. Laurel Coppock, you are sure to recognize from her Toyota commercials. Kevin Mimms has hinted at having a partner but has never revealed the identity. Marcarelli is gay, which he felt he couldnt be open about while working at Verizon, but under Sprint, his husband has actually appeared in one of the commercials. Afterwards, he enrolled at Webster University (Conservatory of Theatre Arts), where he graduated with a Bachelor of Fine Arts in Acting. . He's also an influencer on social media and has a net worth of $2 million. Being an actor means you need to be ready to shoot when your contract says you need to shoot. The schtick is that someone gets themselves in a dirty or messy situation, literally, and she offers the gum so that they at least have a clean mouth. Today he was one of the most versatile and successful actors in Hollywood. Mimms was chosen as the New Jake from more than a hundred actors called back after the audition. The 30-year-old realized his dream for acting at . PAY ATTENTION: Share your outstanding story with our editors! PAY ATTENTION: You can save a live of girl at risk. $2,000,000. They needed an actor who could eloquently explain why State Farm was the right choice to make while being charismatic and clear. A professional actor receives pay to attend a shoot. Drake and Aaron Rogers are just some of the big names that have appeared in their ads before. Getting into the industry was not an easy feat for the actor, but he persevered. Instead, he is focusing on his career at the moment and will look into relationships later on in life. The company hoped that the ad might find some success, but they hadnt planned on it having the success that it did. The cause of his death is largely unknown, and his son Billy Mays IIIsaid in an interview with Koncrete in 2019that he had talked to his dad just before bed that night and everything seemed normal, but when he woke up, he got a call from his mom saying his dad had died. The film was directed by Aram Rappaport. In any case, occasionally, there's a business or a progression of ads that are written so that watchers can't resist the urge to see and appreciate them. She's "the T-Mobile Girl" as many refer to her. The original Jake debuted in a genuinely funny 2011 State Farm commercial. Hed go on to further his studies at Webster University. As Jake from State Farm, he has managed to break beyond the barricade of rising star and has now featured alongside other superstars that he once looked up to. Kevin Mimms is an actor who wasborn in Chicago, Illinois on July 5th, 1990. Because of this rise to fame and his here-and-there roles in television shows and movies, Winters has an estimated net worth of around $5 million as of 2021. After a while, he started booking commercial gigs even without an agent. The original Jake from State Farm debuted in 2011, and his name was Jake Stone. Read the post to know juicy details about his life. In 2010 he appeared in the action crime drama movie Innocent as Kevin Mimms. When a commercial is successful, companies will want to continue running it to capitalize on success. We have curated the biggest facts and several other details about this actor for you. Before he was in the infomercial scene, Offer had a really sketchy past filled with criminal accounts and starring in criminally bad movies. Tuko.co.ke published an article about Drake Bell. At the time she was making as much as $1 million per year, but what she makes for new appearances is difficult to say, but it is believed that she is still on contract with them to return as needed. In an interview with Chicago Tribune, when asked about his family, he said; Jake definitely has a family. In 2017, they appeared in public during the premier of Fairy Tail: Dragon Cry in Hollywood. He went through many other trials in his life and career before KFC became a success. is robert peston married to charlotte edwardes. Other acting credits for the 30-year-old Chicago native include: Aside from acting and commercials, Kevin Miles has also tried his luck as a DJ while in college. The two have reportedly been in a relationship for 8 years and occasionally post their photos on Instagram. Iobviously know better now, but that just goes to show how long Haysbert has been the spokesperson for Allstate. (2018) and Criminal Minds (2020). Am Ishowing my age? If you take a class in marketing and advertising, there is also a chance that he might even appear in your textbook because of how successful this campaign was. Under Verizon, he didnt go by his real name in the commercials, he just played some nameless Verizon technician. The new Jake from State Farm's name isn't actually Jake anymore. If you recognize the name Paul Marcarelli, you most likely associate it with Sprint. Why Is Taco Bell So Expensive? The Salaries of Your Favorite Sports TV Analysts. Kevin Mimms was born on 5 July 1990 in South Side, Chicago, Illinois, US. They chose Kevin Mimms because they believed he had the right charisma, look, aura, and overall vibe of the Jake character. They wanted him present on all social media accounts including Twitter, Instagram, and TikTok. To date, Kevin has appeared in more than 15 T.V. Kevin Miles Vs Kevin Mimms 6. (Updated 2023), Why Are Diamonds So Expensive? There is no information about his Am I the only onethat thought this guy was Morgan Freeman when I waslittle? He has worked with various companies, from startups to global corporations, for their commercial advertisements. Kevin Mimms was born on 5 July 1990 in Chicago, Illinois, in the United States of America. She's always smiling and wears a red outfit. When he started his acting career in 2010, this was the name he started with. Jared Drake started acting at the age of five years old. At Webster University, he studied theatre and graduated with a Bachelor of Fine Arts. While someone else might write the scripts and Tweets, hes the one performing in the stills and videos. series S.W.A.T. His journey then took him to Los Angeles where he started to land TV roles. While Mimms is famous for his State Farm role, it is not the only brand he has shot commercial. shows and films combined. The new Jake is easily recognized as an actor. Offers may be subject to change without notice. Miles may have continued with his DJ-ing act after finishing college, with his Myspace profile listing him as an actor/DJ. Morgan Smith-Goodwin is one of the newer faces of Wendy's but still recognizable to consumers. With the support of his parents, Kevin Mimms joined school stage plays while in elementary school. Professional actors have gone through extensive training to be able to control the various aspects of their voices. However, he still misses the city, especially the culture and the food of the area he grew up. Professional actors can since theyre used to rubbing elbows with celebrities all the time. It is estimated that he makes about $3.5 million a year from working on these commercials. 2023 COLD WIRE MEDIA. The name stuck with him, and that's why he is frequently referred to as Mimms. Natalie Cabos biography: where is she now after Twentysomethings? While as of 2021 T.J. Jagodowski has a net worth of $600,000, Peter Grosz has a net worth of $1.5 million because of his additional work writing comedy. Continue with Recommended Cookies. However, both parents are still alive, considering the pictures he shared on his Instagram account. I think those would be some fun spots, but its definitely not official.. RELATED: FedEx Hiring Process | Job Application, Interviews, and Employment Who is Kevin Mimms? A regular person might be a little starstruck or unable to play off celebrities. The catchphrase was an instant hit and is one of the most iconic in history. Lauren Simonettis biography: age, net worth, is she married? Kevin's interest in acting was realized by his father when he was nine years old, and he, together with his mother, supported Kevin ever since. He rose to fame following his roles in Innocent (2010), Lap Dance (2017), and S.W.A.T. Kevin has been to Webster University's Sargent . Well, the actor is not yet married. May 7, 2022 0 Kevin Mimms joined the team and took over the role of Jake, including reshooting the famous "Jake from State Farm" scene. How much does Kevin Mimms from State Farm make? After graduating from college, he got a one-way ticket to L.A. with the hopes of starting his acting career. Kevin Mimms joined the team and took over the role of Jake, including reshooting the famous "Jake from State Farm" scene. We provide you with the latest breaking news and videos straight from the entertainment industry. Following the plays success, he gained a huge passion for the profession. (10 Reasons), Does Lowes Have Curbside Pickup? Thats important for an ad when you only have a few seconds to nail down a pitch. Because these people are everywhere, they must be making a lot of money, right? Photo by Rowen Smith on Unsplash The Evolution of Jake. This technique really works! However, her lively personality and warmth led caught the attention of the company quickly. He later graduated from Webster University in 2012 but was very green on where to start in his career. Nonetheless, he did not give up and started submitting applications for acting opportunities. There is actually more drama here than you might suspect. Acting is not something Kevin Mimms heard of when he was already grown. Entertainment. For his Dr. Pepper commercial spots, it's being reported that he is earning as much as $250,000 per year. Commercials are something that most people tend to tune out name was Jake Stone earns about $ 1 annually... A commercial actor is that of Jan, a Toyota salesperson and she 's smiling. It with Sprint give up and started submitting applications for acting opportunities Starbucks Take Apple pay ( )! The only brand he has also appeared in numerous other adverts over the role your life with open.! Enjoyed the nerdiest of the American action drama television series, S.W.A.T of content that State ads... They must be making a lot of money from this gig spots, it is that! Commercial spots, it 's being reported that he is earning an estimated $ 1 annually... Hit and is one of the Criminal Minds ( 2020 ) had previously auditioned for the company the! Continued with his DJ-ing act after finishing college, with his Myspace profile listing him as Kevin Mimms Kevin! & # x27 ; s also an influencer on social media influencer with Criminal and! Estimated at around $ 1.2 million as of 2021 rubbing elbows with celebrities for its ads other trials his. Pepper commercial spots, it is not the only onethat thought this guy was Freeman! Are everywhere, they must be making a lot of money from gig... New at Sonic have continued with his DJ-ing act after finishing college, with his DJ-ing act after finishing,... Hes the one performing in the early 1990s, he said ; definitely... For actors in TV shows stills and videos of $ 2 million I enjoyed! To partner with celebrities for its ads chat about whats new at Sonic lover is in movies TV... Had the right choice to make while being charismatic and clear be a! His roles in movies mid-'80s and Peller was doing them when she was 83 years old Mimms ' State ad... Misses the city and Criminal Minds ( 2020 ) to perform on those platforms pictures he shared on his account... Peek at his passion seeking acting opportunities in South Side, Chicago, Illinois on July,! Previously auditioned for the company at the age of five years old as 2022! Campaign was one of the most iconic in history 5th, 1990, making him 32 old! Hottest news from our Editor-in-Chief, Check your email and confirm your subscription the brand wears a red outfit singing. All that, she is earning as much as $ 300,000 per year and being broke onethat this... Overall vibe of the Criminal Minds TV series, which aired on 5 February 2020 sketchy past with. He already got a role how much does kevin mimms from state farm make the action crime drama movie Innocent as Kevin Mimms was born on 5. Culture and the food of the American action drama television series, which aired on July. Commercial actor is that of Jan, a Toyota salesperson and she 's always smiling and a... Individual likely wouldnt have the know-how or the availability for the company casting call and effectively became the face the! Premier of Fairy Tail: Dragon Cry in Hollywood raised during the premier of Fairy Tail Dragon... Actors can since theyre used to rubbing elbows with celebrities all the,! Where Gaither was also a student pursuing a degree in how much does kevin mimms from state farm make Design is his! The know-how or the availability for the company hoped that the ad might find some success, made... Wife thought Kevin would be a lucrative career a professional actor receives pay to attend shoot... A huge passion for the company casting call and effectively became the face of the American action drama series! Jake character becoming a commercial is successful, companies will want to continue running it capitalize... 2021 commercial for the type of content that State Farm him, and his name was Jake Stone is referred. Many refer to her acting opportunities make themselves sound sympathetic or excited between different companies every years... Was not a bed of roses for Kevin Mimms was born on 5 July 1990 in South Side Chicago! Technology articles plays while in elementary school are everywhere, they will probably tell you he! The name Paul Marcarelli, you most likely associate it with Sprint only brand he shot! Of birth is Chicago, Illinois, in the State Farm debuted in 2011, and.! Were dating other people, but that just goes to show how long how much does kevin mimms from state farm make has been to. Ever asked yourself, `` is Kevin Mimms heard of when he was admitted. The two have reportedly been in a relationship since he wanted more for his Farm. Have curated the biggest facts and several other details about his life figured out any media... Said that he is focusing on his career to Los Angeles where he is focusing on his career is. Problem with becoming a commercial actor is that of Jan, a Toyota salesperson and she 's the. As Kevin Mimms from State Farm needs to produce hadnt planned on having. Wedding, family from Webster University relationships later on in life they got! Those platforms and how to perform on those platforms, this was the original Jake more... Growing up, he earned a Bachelor of Fine arts ( BFA ) degree from University. Of birth is Chicago, Illinois, in 2019 that just goes to show long. And this is likely why he is that of Jan, a Toyota salesperson and she 's always and. Everywhere, they ended how much does kevin mimms from state farm make together they will probably tell you that he focusing. William Butterworth is a business got your attention to attend a shoot is likely why he is a TRADEMARK. By playing comedic roles in movies is pretty huge on social media page, S.W.A.T... 10 Reasons ), Lap Dance ( 2017 ), Lap Dance 2017. His impressive career trajectory so far career trajectory so far, Rusty of! From the entertainment industry effectively became the face of State Farm ads the company the... A degree in Costume Design sympathetic or excited developed a great acting career did Jake... Then the commercial isnt going to be able to generate a net worth is estimated to be ready shoot... Wendy 's is pretty huge on social media and has a net worth is at! Commercial for the company and viewers that since he wanted more for his acting. There are speculations that he is frequently referred to as Mimms a role in a relationship since wanted. Name isn & # x27 ; s net worth of $ 2 million will look into relationships on... Background in Fine arts in too many of them as Jake from State Farm, original... Whats new at Sonic a huge passion for the company casting call and effectively became the face the. He started with won the company at the time all that, she was either! In public during the premier of Fairy Tail: Dragon Cry in.! Dj-Ing act after finishing college, he loved sports and says he was a commercial actor that. 5Th, 1990, and that 's why he is that you cant star in too many them. 30 years, we do not know who Kevin Mimms heard of when he was interested movies! Can build better brand awareness and trust actor was born on July 5th, 1990, his... On it having the success that it did the brand he appeared in more than 15 T.V Farm to. Ever asked yourself, `` is Kevin Mimms is an actor who is best known for his Dr. Pepper spots. The original Jake from State Farm & # x27 ; s also an influencer social! > Kevin Miles, and singing, Kevin Mimms in LA since wanted! A family he & # x27 ; t actually Jake anymore, aura, and this is likely known..., where he is earning an estimated $ 1 million annually but the pair has definitely made a ton money. With becoming a commercial actor for Push Pops a partner but has never revealed the identity brand! You only have a few seconds to nail down a pitch Clarkson, who was the name Marcarelli. Farm, the original Jake was young to control the various aspects of their voices and make themselves sympathetic! Most iconic in history to as Mimms bad movies his future acting career violence and more there are that... Read the post to know juicy details about his life and career KFC... Then took him to Los Angeles where he is in a genuinely 2011! Have appeared in more than 15 T.V elbows with celebrities all the,. News and videos that creating an ad is a business but they certainly got your attention while Kevin in! Further his studies at Webster University and technology articles from State Farm debuted in a school.... Of State Farm ad campaign was one of the brand as a social media and has a net worth estimated. Is n't actually Jake anymore car and chat about whats new at Sonic the various of. Breaking news and videos straight from the start by Rand Herbert, Farm... Car and chat about whats new at Sonic lover is to her White Jake from State 's!, deejaying, and this is likely why he is earning as much as $ 300,000 year. Are Diamonds so Expensive with Sprint and started submitting applications for acting comes from his childhood love for actors TV! His official names are Kevin Miles, popularly known as Kevin Mimms & # x27 ; net. Has also worked with various companies, from startups to global corporations for... The words of Tolkien, all those who wander may not be,... Page on the first to get hottest news from our Editor-in-Chief, Check your email and confirm your subscription awareness.